{
    "instructions": [
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2011,
                    "value": "2011-10-03",
                    "latest": 2011,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "note": "Complete",
            "author": "Shepherd, Rupert",
            "type": "CO Core Record QA"
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2011,
                    "value": "2011-10-03",
                    "latest": 2011,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "note": "Complete",
            "author": "Shepherd, Rupert",
            "type": "CO Extended Record 1 QA"
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2011,
                    "value": "2011-10-03",
                    "latest": 2011,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "note": "Extended Record 1",
            "author": "Shepherd, Rupert",
            "type": "CO"
        }
    ],
    "note": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue note",
            "value": "Inscribed in ink on the back of the instrument, near the open end 'Musical Tube\/South Islands\/ (B M)\nOrthography:  NGDoMI (1984)  'Puutoorino or  p\u016bt\u014drino'; Grove online  'P\u016bt\u014drino (2011-01-07) http:\/\/www.oxfordmusiconline.com\/subscriber\/search_results?q=putorino&search=quick&source=omo_gmo (2011-01-07)\nResearch: viewed by Mathew Dart and David Lodge (?) in July 2005 along with Nguru US47 and Puutoruino 4003. This instrument may have been x-rayed by Louise Bacon in 2005. No mention of this instrument (or other ethnographic instruments) is made in McGavin's 1957 typescript or other earlier exhibition lists."
        }
    ],
    "loan": {
        "value": "Y"
    },
    "projects": [
        "CollectionsOnline01",
        "MINIM-UK",
        "OceaniaReview"
    ],
    "admin": {
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        {
            "type": "catalogue description",
            "value": "P\u016bt\u014drino, carved wooden flute or trumpet, made from a single piece of wood split longitudinally and bound together. The instrument is probably made from matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia) wood, and the binding from the split root of the kiekie (Freycinetia banksii) plant. Large central hole and open end. Some decorative carving 'pakati' on the vertical axis below the proximal end, and on the back. Four sections of binding are missing. A description written in ink on the back of the instrument reads: 'Musical Tube\/ ..... Sea Islands\/(13.m)'.",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "note": [
                {
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                }
            ],
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "curator"
            },
            "historical": true,
            "sort": "01",
            "type": "description",
            "value": "Cigar-shaped, with large central hole and open at one end, made from two pieces joined laterally, missing four sections of lapping."
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "curator"
            },
            "historical": true,
            "sort": "02",
            "type": "description",
            "value": "Puutorino, carved wood flute. Cigar-shaped, with large central hole and open at one end, made from two pieces joined laterally, missing four sections of lapping. A description written in ink on the back of the instrument reads: 'Musical Tube\/..... Sea Islands\/(13.m)'"
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "curator"
            },
            "sort": "03",
            "type": "description",
            "value": "Putorino, carved wood flute. Cigar-shaped, with large central hole and open at one end, made from two pieces joined laterally, missing four sections of lapping. A description written in ink on the back of the instrument reads: 'Musical Tube\/ ..... Sea Islands\/(13.m)'."
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2008,
                    "value": "2008-02-22",
                    "latest": 2008,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "assistant curator"
            },
            "historical": true,
            "sort": "04",
            "type": "description",
            "value": "Puutorino, carved wood flute. Cigar-shaped, with large central hole and open at one end, made from two pieces joined laterally, missing four sections of lapping. A description written in ink on the back of the instrument reads: 'Musical Tube\/ ..... Sea Islands\/(13.m)'."
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2008,
                    "value": "2008-02-22",
                    "latest": 2008,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "assistant curator"
            },
            "historical": true,
            "sort": "05",
            "type": "commentary",
            "value": "D. J. Blaikley's collecting for Boosey & Co. was influenced by a comparative approach to the study of musical instruments. To this end, a number of instruments from cultures around the world were acquired. Other examples include a nose flute from Tahiti, a Tibetan shell trumpet and a Nigerian talking drum. At the time, Darwin's ideas of evolution were spreading into many areas of cultural theory, and these instruments probably served to demonstrate the forms from which it was believed their Western equivalents had evolved. Today, musical instrument collectors are much more interested in cultural context and seek to record the functions that instruments play in the cultures from which they come. Sadly, little such information accompanies the non-Western instruments in the Boosey & Hawkes Collection, but they remain a fascinating demonstration of the attitudes and priorities of instrument collectors in the 19th century."
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "Birley, Margaret"
            },
            "sort": "06",
            "type": "description (online)",
            "value": "P\u016bt\u014drino, carved wooden flute or trumpet, made from a single piece of wood split longitudinally and bound together. The wood used is probably matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia), and the binding from the split root of the kiekie (Freycinetia banksii) plant.The instrument has a  large central hole and open end. Four sections of binding are missing. An inscription in ink on the back of the instrument reads: 'Musical Tube\/ ..... Sea Islands\/(13.m)'."
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2012,
                    "value": "2012-06",
                    "latest": 2006,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "attribution": {
                "date": [
                    {
                        "earliest": 2012,
                        "value": "2012-06",
                        "latest": 2006,
                        "primary": true
                    }
                ],
                "attributor": "Mills, Andy"
            },
            "sort": "07",
            "type": "commentary",
            "value": "Bugle-Flute, Putorino, New Zealand Maori \n\nThe Maori putorino is usually described as a bugle-flute in English, because it had the quality of producing two distinct sounds. If the middle hole was stopped with a thumb or finger and the instrument blown with force, it gave out a horn-like note that was understood to be masculine in quality. Conversely, if the end hole was stopped and the instrument blown softly, it produced a softer flute-like note from the middle hole that was viewed as feminine in nature.\n\nIn many putorino, the middle hole is consequently carved as the open mouth of a face that represents the patron goddess of the flute and other musical arts, Hineraukatauri. The bugle-flute consequently had a dual role to play in Maori life, being used both for signalling over large distances, and for musical accompaniment.\n\nPutorino were generally carved by tohunga whakairo (wood sculptors) in two halves which invariably fit together with remarkable precision, and were then tightly bound together using vegetable fibre. While North Island putorino were generally carved from matai wood (Podocarpus spicatus), the South Island Maori took advantage of the soft pithy core to be found in poroporo (Solanum aviculare) and tutu (Coriaria ruscifolia) branches, hollowing them out with little labour to create the instrument\u2019s two halves.\n\nWood. Manufactured circa 1880. Formerly in the private study collection of instrument-makers Boosey & Hawkes. Acquired from them by the Horniman Museum in 2004."
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "date": [
                    {
                        "earliest": 2013,
                        "value": "2013-10-01",
                        "latest": 2013,
                        "primary": true
                    }
                ],
                "attributor": "assistant curator; Mills, Andy; Birley, Margaret"
            },
            "type": "commentary (online)",
            "value": "Bugle-Flute, Putorino, New Zealand Maori \n\nThe Maori putorino is usually described as a bugle-flute in English, because it had the quality of producing two distinct sounds. When the middle hole was stopped with a thumb or finger and the instrument blown with force, it gave out a horn-like note that was understood to be masculine in quality. Conversely, if the end hole was stopped and the instrument blown softly, it produced a softer flute-like note from the middle hole that was viewed as feminine in nature.\n\nIn many putorino, the middle hole is consequently carved as the open mouth of a face that represents the patron goddess of the flute and other musical arts, Hineraukatauri. The bugle-flute consequently had a dual role to play in Maori life, being used both for signalling over large distances, and for musical accompaniment.\n\nPutorino were generally carved by tohunga whakairo (wood sculptors) in two halves which invariably fit together with remarkable precision, and were then tightly bound together using vegetable fibre. While North Island putorino were generally carved from matai wood (Podocarpus spicatus), the South Island Maori took advantage of the soft pithy core to be found in poroporo (Solanum aviculare) and tutu (Coriaria ruscifolia) branches, hollowing them out with little labour to create the instrument\u2019s two halves.\n\nD. J. Blaikley's collecting for Boosey & Co was influenced by a comparative approach to the study of musical instruments. To this end, a number of instruments from cultures around the world were acquired. Other examples include a nose flute from Tahiti, a Tibetan shell trumpet and a Nigerian talking drum. At the time, Darwin's ideas of evolution were spreading into many areas of cultural theory, and these instruments probably served to demonstrate the forms from which it was believed their Western equivalents had evolved. Today, musical instrument collectors are much more interested in cultural context and seek to record the functions that instruments play in the cultures from which they come. Sadly, little such information accompanies the non-Western instruments in the Boosey & Hawkes Collection, but they remain a fascinating demonstration of the attitudes and priorities of instrument collectors in the 19th century.\n\nWood. Manufactured circa 1880. Formerly in the Museum of instrument-makers Boosey & Hawkes. Acquired from them by the Horniman Museum in 2004."
        }
    ],
    "language": [
        "eng"
    ],
    "title": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue title",
            "value": "42 Wind instruments proper",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "date": [
                    {
                        "earliest": 2012,
                        "value": "2012-03-26",
                        "latest": 2012,
                        "primary": true
                    }
                ],
                "attributor": "Birley, Margaret"
            },
            "sort": "01",
            "type": "classified as",
            "value": "42"
        },
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                    },
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                "admin": {
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                "sort": "01"
            },
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    ],
    "type": {
        "sub_type": [
            "general"
        ],
        "scope": "WHOLE",
        "base": "object"
    },
    "lifecycle": {
        "collection": [
            {
                "collector": [
                    {
                        "@link": {
                            "role": [
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                                }
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                            "attribution": {
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                            },
                            "type": "reference"
                        },
                        "summary_title": "Blaikley, David James",
                        "admin": {
                            "uid": "hmc-agent-7140",
                            "id": "agent-7140",
                            "uuid": "eec892c0-51f7-3f18-a96e-ba1841678b28"
                        },
                        "sort": "01"
                    },
                    {
                        "@link": {
                            "source": "catalogue",
                            "type": "literal"
                        },
                        "summary_title": "Blaikley, David James",
                        "name": [
                            {
                                "value": "Blaikley, David James"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "creation": [
            {
                "date": [
                    {
                        "century": [
                            "19th"
                        ],
                        "role": [
                            {
                                "value": "date made"
                            }
                        ],
                        "attribution": {
                            "attributor": "curator"
                        },
                        "sort": "01",
                        "earliest": 1875,
                        "value": "circa 1880",
                        "latest": 1885
                    },
                    {
                        "source": "catalogue",
                        "earliest": 1875,
                        "value": "circa 1880",
                        "latest": 1885
                    }
                ],
                "places": [
                    {
                        "@link": {
                            "role": [
                                {
                                    "value": "made"
                                }
                            ],
                            "attribution": {
                                "attributor": "curator"
                            },
                            "type": "reference"
                        },
                        "summary_title": "New Zealand (Aotearoa)",
                        "admin": {
                            "uid": "hmc-place-255",
                            "id": "place-255",
                            "uuid": "a7c98db4-ed74-3f11-97aa-6dc56d56e933"
                        },
                        "sort": "01"
                    },
                    {
                        "@link": {
                            "source": "catalogue",
                            "type": "literal"
                        },
                        "summary_title": "New Zealand, Australasia, Oceania",
                        "name": [
                            {
                                "value": "New Zealand, Australasia, Oceania"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    },
    "physicalDescriptors": [
        {
            "note": "Collections Conservation And Care Section",
            "component": "lapping\/stringing (original)",
            "terms": "cane",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
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                    "role": [
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                        }
                    ],
                    "type": "reference"
                },
                "summary_title": "cane",
                "admin": {
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                    "uuid": "b81a86fa-e2c2-3000-a11b-ac6ef393a512"
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                "sort": 1
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Collections Conservation And Care Section",
            "component": "overall",
            "terms": "wood",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "@link": {
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                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ],
                    "type": "reference"
                },
                "summary_title": "wood",
                "admin": {
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                    "uuid": "9374e5ef-ab0b-3b66-84bd-3f9728ed1f9a"
                },
                "sort": 4
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Collections Conservation And Care Section",
            "component": "inscription",
            "terms": "ink",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
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                        }
                    ],
                    "type": "reference"
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                "summary_title": "ink",
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            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Collections Conservation And Care Section",
            "component": "labels",
            "terms": "paper",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
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                    ],
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                },
                "summary_title": "paper",
                "admin": {
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                },
                "sort": 2
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Collections Conservation And Care Section",
            "component": "overall",
            "terms": "string",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ],
                    "type": "reference"
                },
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                },
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            },
            "type": "material"
        }
    ],
    "terms": [
        {
            "@link": {
                "attribution": {
                    "attributor": "curator",
                    "type": "maker or user"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "New Zealand Maori",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-500748",
                "id": "term-500748",
                "uuid": "3d400104-25df-37c3-92b7-1868269269ae"
            },
            "sort": "01"
        },
        {
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                "role": [
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2012,
                            "value": "2012-03-26",
                            "latest": 2012,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Birley, Margaret"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "42 Wind instruments proper",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1015802",
                "id": "term-1015802",
                "uuid": "0dbe4acd-4b68-34ce-8b3b-507ed659999c"
            },
            "sort": "01"
        },
        {
            "@link": {
                "role": [
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "attributor": "curator"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "puutoorinos",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1017218",
                "id": "term-1017218",
                "uuid": "4d410bfd-aa59-3541-a9fa-dbe4b1cb600d"
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "attributor": "curator"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "puutoorinos",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1017218",
                "id": "term-1017218",
                "uuid": "4d410bfd-aa59-3541-a9fa-dbe4b1cb600d"
            },
            "sort": "01"
        },
        {
            "@link": {
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "maker or user"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "attributor": "curator"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "New Zealand Maori",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-500748",
                "id": "term-500748",
                "uuid": "3d400104-25df-37c3-92b7-1868269269ae"
            },
            "sort": "03"
        },
        {
            "@link": {
                "role": [
                    {
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2004,
                            "value": "2004-08-25",
                            "latest": 2004,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Lockwood, Caroline"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "wood",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1015488",
                "id": "term-1015488",
                "uuid": "9374e5ef-ab0b-3b66-84bd-3f9728ed1f9a"
            },
            "sort": "04"
        },
        {
            "@link": {
                "role": [
                    {
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2004,
                            "value": "2004-09-29",
                            "latest": 2004,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Lee, Geoff"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "cane",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1015491",
                "id": "term-1015491",
                "uuid": "b81a86fa-e2c2-3000-a11b-ac6ef393a512"
            },
            "sort": "05"
        },
        {
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                "role": [
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
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                            "earliest": 2004,
                            "value": "2004-09-29",
                            "latest": 2004,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Lee, Geoff"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "ink",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1018244",
                "id": "term-1018244",
                "uuid": "ba5d0db0-cbb3-35b6-84e8-4aa8b9b5840d"
            },
            "sort": "06"
        },
        {
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                "role": [
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
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                            "value": "2004-08-25",
                            "latest": 2004,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Lockwood, Caroline"
                },
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "string",
            "admin": {
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        },
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                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
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                            "earliest": 2004,
                            "value": "2004-09-29",
                            "latest": 2004,
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                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Lee, Geoff"
                },
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            },
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            "admin": {
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            },
            "sort": "08"
        },
        {
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                "role": [
                    {
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                    }
                ],
                "type": "reference"
            },
            "summary_title": "puutoorinos",
            "admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-1017218",
                "id": "term-1017218",
                "uuid": "4d410bfd-aa59-3541-a9fa-dbe4b1cb600d"
            }
        }
    ],
    "summary_title": "putorino",
    "legal": {
        "credit": "Acquisition supported by the National Lottery through the Heritage Lottery Fund",
        "status": "permanent collection"
    },
    "options": {
        "item_count": "1",
        "option7": "Boosey & Hawkes Collection",
        "option5": "Aerophone",
        "flag4": "N",
        "flag3": "N",
        "option3": "conserved",
        "flag2": "N",
        "option4": "OceaniaReview; CollectionsOnline01; MINIM-UK",
        "flag1": "N"
    },
    "appraisal": [
        {
            "source": "catalogue",
            "@entity": "lifecycle"
        }
    ],
    "inscription": [
        {
            "note": [
                {
                    "value": "Inscription fairly worn and hard to read."
                }
            ],
            "method": "ink",
            "description": [
                {
                    "value": "Inscription in ink written by hand."
                }
            ],
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "Musical Tube\/ South Sea Islands\/ (13.m)"
                }
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