{
    "note": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue note",
            "value": "RTP - 15-Jan-99: Record sheet dated 15-Jan-98 records artefact as \"not found\"."
        }
    ],
    "loan": {
        "value": "N"
    },
    "projects": [
        "CollectionsPeopleStories"
    ],
    "description": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue description",
            "value": "Tswana gourd doll",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 1999,
                    "value": "21-Jun-99",
                    "latest": 1999,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "type": "object description",
            "value": "Tswana gourd doll"
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "date": [
                    {
                        "earliest": 2014,
                        "value": "2014-02-24",
                        "latest": 2014,
                        "primary": true
                    }
                ],
                "attributor": "South, Alison"
            },
            "type": "commentary",
            "value": "Not much is known about Tswana child figures (van Schalkwyk, 1998: 203) and relatively few are documented. Of those known to exist in museum and private collections, little information can be traced and some have been attributed to various cultural groups. \n\nWhile it is true that figures of similar construction to the Tswana \u2018dumbbell-shaped doll\u2019 can be found fairly widely among other Southern African peoples (for example the Ovambo of Namibia), surveys of museum collections are helping to expand the corpus of what appears to be a group of distinctive and identifiably Tswana figures. Typically, the body of the Tswana figure consists of a bundle of string-bound reeds toped with a Monkey-orange gourd (Strychnos), which forms the head (sometimes a gourd is found at the lower end, as in the present case). The head is often crowned with a circular headpiece, with beaded fringe, and the bound body adorned with beadwork. Another distinguishing feature is the stuffed (usually leather) arms, which often terminate in short strings of beads suggestive of fingers. \n\nThe National Cultural History Museum in Pretoria has at least four Tswana child figures and the Campbell Collections in Durban has three (all illustrated in Evocations of the Child). Rather than being playthings for children, such figures were used by adult women as fertility objects.\n\nReferences:\nVan Schalkwyk, J.A, 1998, 187-217\nWinters, Y, 1998, 194-201\n\nStar object (4.216-4.218)\n(It is interesting to note that the Horniman figures were already identified as \u2018Tswana\u2019. Does this attribution come from the Stevens sale catalogue? CE.)\n(I think these three figures have been on display in African Worlds. CE.)"
        }
    ],
    "language": [
        "eng"
    ],
    "type": {
        "sub_type": [
            "general"
        ],
        "scope": "WHOLE",
        "base": "object"
    },
    "publication": [
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "Tswana mgwana ba pelego"
            },
            "@link": {
                "pages": "187-217",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "discusses similar"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2013,
                            "value": "2013-06-03",
                            "latest": 2013,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                },
                "illustration": "N"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-publication-801",
                "id": "publication-801",
                "uuid": "67afbf0d-1b7f-3b1e-b8f6-ff1ea9311f5c"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "Mpondo: did the Mpondo people have dumbbell-shaped dolls?"
            },
            "@link": {
                "pages": "194-201",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "discusses similar"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2013,
                            "value": "2013-06-03",
                            "latest": 2013,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                },
                "illustration": "N"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-publication-800",
                "id": "publication-800",
                "uuid": "5d53aecd-88eb-3eb6-ba65-75fbbe645b23"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        }
    ],
    "legal": {
        "status": "permanent collection"
    },
    "options": {
        "item_count": "1",
        "flag4": "N",
        "flag3": "N",
        "system_count": "0",
        "flag2": "Y",
        "option4": "CollectionsPeopleStories",
        "flag1": "N",
        "number1": "1"
    },
    "appraisal": [
        {
            "source": "catalogue",
            "@entity": "lifecycle"
        }
    ],
    "term": [
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "Tswana"
            },
            "@link": {
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "maker or user"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2013,
                            "value": "2013-06-03",
                            "latest": 2013,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                }
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-500902",
                "id": "term-500902",
                "uuid": "50d70bc7-d55d-3256-a658-5f815552c2f3"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "figure,humans"
            },
            "@link": {
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "object name"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2013,
                            "value": "2013-06-03",
                            "latest": 2013,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                }
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-508418",
                "id": "term-508418",
                "uuid": "81fcd86b-eb5d-3cd7-b435-665707fb3d9e"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        }
    ],
    "physical": [
        {
            "note": "probably Monkey-orange; Elliott, Catherine; 2013-06-03.",
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "gourd",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "gourd"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-term-1015518",
                    "id": "term-1015518",
                    "uuid": "7b34f6c3-1130-395f-86ba-4cede46d2e4c"
                },
                "sort": 1,
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Elliott, Catherine; 2013-06-03.",
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "reed",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "reed"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-term-1016434",
                    "id": "term-1016434",
                    "uuid": "715c93db-55a2-38b7-b5cf-718b80af3da8"
                },
                "sort": 2,
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Elliott, Catherine; 2013-06-03.",
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "string",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "string"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-term-1016463",
                    "id": "term-1016463",
                    "uuid": "f91cba70-efe8-384f-8acc-373cbc6e5f7d"
                },
                "sort": 4,
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Elliott, Catherine; 2013-06-03.",
            "component": "beads",
            "term": "glass",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "glass"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-term-1015553",
                    "id": "term-1015553",
                    "uuid": "163ec07c-7918-3f27-9f8f-7da03b266cad"
                },
                "sort": 3,
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            "type": "material"
        },
        {
            "note": "Elliott, Catherine; 2013-06-03.",
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "leather",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "leather"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "material"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-term-1015475",
                    "id": "term-1015475",
                    "uuid": "40413197-a5fe-3d61-b373-e7a6b71bbb02"
                },
                "sort": 5,
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            "type": "material"
        }
    ],
    "creation": {
        "date": [
            {
                "source": "catalogue",
                "earliest": 1801,
                "value": "19th century",
                "latest": 1900
            },
            {
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "date made"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2013,
                            "value": "2013-06-03",
                            "latest": 2013,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                },
                "earliest": 1801,
                "value": "19th century",
                "latest": 1900
            }
        ],
        "place": [
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "Botswana"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "made or collected"
                        }
                    ],
                    "attribution": {
                        "date": [
                            {
                                "earliest": 2013,
                                "value": "2013-06-03",
                                "latest": 2013,
                                "primary": true
                            }
                        ],
                        "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine",
                        "certainty": "possibly"
                    }
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-place-145",
                    "id": "place-145",
                    "uuid": "0d4182f3-e77e-3062-be8a-3f07784bd3a9"
                },
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "Republic of South Africa"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "made or collected"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-place-293",
                    "id": "place-293",
                    "uuid": "2f0ae7f3-9f6c-335f-be96-700f1f94c847"
                },
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "South Africa"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "source": "catalogue"
                },
                "name": [
                    {
                        "value": "South Africa"
                    }
                ],
                "@entity": "literal"
            }
        ]
    },
    "measurements": {
        "note": [
            {
                "value": "From Conservation files for the African Worlds gallery. Jennings, Rachel; 2015-09-14."
            }
        ],
        "display": "overall: 250 mm x 55 mm x 55 mm",
        "attribution": {
            "attributor": "Collections Conservation and Care Section",
            "source": "object",
            "type": "display"
        },
        "count": "1",
        "dimensions": [
            {
                "type": "catalogue dimensions",
                "value": "overall: 250 mm x 55 mm x 55 mm",
                "primary": true
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "depth",
                "value": "2 3\/16"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "depth",
                "value": "55"
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "height",
                "value": "9 13\/16"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "height",
                "value": "250"
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "width",
                "value": "2 3\/16"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "width",
                "value": "55"
            }
        ]
    },
    "exhibition": [
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "African Worlds"
            },
            "@link": {
                "catalogue": {
                    "catalogued": "Y"
                }
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-exhibition-43",
                "id": "exhibition-43",
                "uuid": "0f71517e-8ec7-3fe6-b0b4-c3a1491d25ce"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        }
    ],
    "summary": {
        "title": "figure,human"
    },
    "identifier": [
        {
            "accession_number": "4.216",
            "type": "accession number",
            "value": "4.216",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "source": "accession registers",
            "type": "old Horniman accession number",
            "value": "86"
        },
        {
            "type": "Horniman laboratory number",
            "value": "756"
        }
    ],
    "collection": "Anthropology",
    "@admin": {
        "processed": 1745949740816,
        "sequence": 7364666,
        "uid": "hmc-object-4408",
        "added": 1664628809151,
        "stream": "collections-online",
        "id": "object-4408",
        "source": "hmc",
        "uuid": "ced97ac1-21b9-307b-8bae-6b402e954f08"
    },
    "material": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue materials",
            "value": "gourd; reed; string; glass; leather",
            "primary": true
        }
    ],
    "ownership": [
        {
            "owner": [
                {
                    "summary": {
                        "title": "J. C. Stevens"
                    },
                    "@link": {
                        "date": {
                            "value": "-1904",
                            "latest": 1904
                        },
                        "role": [
                            {
                                "value": "vendor"
                            }
                        ],
                        "attribution": {
                            "date": [
                                {
                                    "earliest": 1904,
                                    "value": "1904",
                                    "latest": 1904,
                                    "primary": true
                                }
                            ],
                            "attributor": "curator",
                            "source": "accession registers"
                        }
                    },
                    "@admin": {
                        "uid": "hmc-agent-3764",
                        "id": "agent-3764",
                        "uuid": "f204382d-30a9-34e1-b828-a27765b33f22"
                    },
                    "@entity": "reference"
                }
            ],
            "@entity": "lifecycle"
        }
    ],
    "culture": [
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "Tswana"
            },
            "@link": {
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "maker or user"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2013,
                            "value": "2013-06-03",
                            "latest": 2013,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                },
                "variation": 0
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-term-500902",
                "id": "term-500902",
                "uuid": "50d70bc7-d55d-3256-a658-5f815552c2f3"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "@link": {
                "source": "catalogue"
            },
            "name": [
                {
                    "type": "catalogue culture",
                    "value": "Tswana"
                }
            ],
            "@entity": "literal"
        }
    ],
    "name": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue name",
            "value": "figure,human",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "figure,humans"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "role": [
                        {
                            "value": "object name"
                        }
                    ],
                    "attribution": {
                        "date": [
                            {
                                "earliest": 2013,
                                "value": "2013-06-03",
                                "latest": 2013,
                                "primary": true
                            }
                        ],
                        "attributor": "Elliott, Catherine"
                    },
                    "variation": 120795
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-term-508418",
                    "id": "term-508418",
                    "uuid": "81fcd86b-eb5d-3cd7-b435-665707fb3d9e"
                },
                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            "type": "object name"
        },
        {
            "type": "object name (local)"
        },
        {
            "type": "object name",
            "value": "Tswana gourd doll"
        }
    ],
    "category": [
        {
            "type": "category1",
            "value": "Anthropology: Ethnography"
        }
    ],
    "facility": [
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "shB"
            },
            "@link": {
                "container": "Box00173",
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2017,
                    "value": "2017-05-02",
                    "latest": 2017
                },
                "level4": "shB",
                "current": "Y",
                "last": {
                    "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                    "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                    "level2": "3\/0"
                },
                "purpose": "Regular storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Knight, Dorian"
                },
                "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                "level3": "bay36",
                "level2": "3\/0"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-5666",
                "id": "facility-5666",
                "uuid": "14582a74-7caa-32d2-92c1-9441aa5984d0"
            },
            "@entity": "reference",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
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                "title": "dc3"
            },
            "@link": {
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2002,
                    "value": "2002-02-01",
                    "latest": 2002
                },
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "location": "Horniman Museum",
                    "level1": "Museum",
                    "level2": "\/"
                },
                "purpose": "Exhibition",
                "location": "HMG - Forest Hill",
                "level1": "Horniman Museum",
                "level3": "dc3",
                "level2": "African Worlds Gallery"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-11663",
                "id": "facility-11663",
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            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "African Worlds Gallery"
            },
            "@link": {
                "container": "BC0070",
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2016,
                    "value": "2016-11-01",
                    "latest": 2016
                },
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "location": "HMG - Forest Hill",
                    "level1": "Horniman Museum",
                    "level2": "African Worlds Gallery"
                },
                "purpose": "Temporary Storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Cronin, Laura"
                },
                "location": "HMG - Forest Hill",
                "level1": "Horniman Museum",
                "level2": "African Worlds Gallery"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-38",
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        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "HMG - Forest Hill"
            },
            "@link": {
                "container": "BC0070",
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2016,
                    "value": "2016-11-02",
                    "latest": 2016
                },
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "location": "HMG - Forest Hill",
                    "level1": "Horniman Museum",
                    "level2": "African Worlds Gallery"
                },
                "purpose": "Temporary Storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Logan, Natasha"
                },
                "location": "HMG - Forest Hill"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-548",
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            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "1\/0"
            },
            "@link": {
                "container": "BC0070",
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2016,
                    "value": "2016-11-02",
                    "latest": 2016
                },
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                    "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                    "level2": "1\/0"
                },
                "purpose": "Temporary Storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Whitson Cloud, Jonathan"
                },
                "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                "level2": "1\/0"
            },
            "@admin": {
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            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "3\/0"
            },
            "@link": {
                "container": "BC0070",
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2017,
                    "value": "2017-04-24",
                    "latest": 2017
                },
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                    "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                    "level2": "2\/0"
                },
                "purpose": "Temporary storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Cronin, Laura"
                },
                "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                "level2": "3\/0"
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            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-4832",
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            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "2\/0"
            },
            "@link": {
                "container": "BC0070",
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2016,
                    "value": "2016-11-17",
                    "latest": 2016
                },
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                    "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
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                },
                "purpose": "Temporary Storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Jennings, Rachel"
                },
                "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                "level2": "2\/0"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-1264",
                "id": "facility-1264",
                "uuid": "7f88564e-9e8c-3668-bd9b-bba2b7381cc9"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        }
    ]
}