{ "instructions": [ { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "1999-08-26", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "note": "IROONEY", "instruction": "red", "type": "HANDLING STATUS" } ], "note": [ { "type": "catalogue note", "value": "Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets." } ], "loan": { "value": "N" }, "subject": [ { "summary": { "title": "Puppets" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "learning subject" } ], "attribution": { "attributor": "Learning Section" } }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-subject-205", "id": "subject-205", "uuid": "951d66f4-1074-3ef9-9c59-81505361188f" }, "@entity": "reference" }, { "summary": { "title": "Family and Home" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "theme" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2013, "value": "2013-08-10", "latest": 2013, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Shepherd, Rupert" } }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-subject-324", "id": "subject-324", "uuid": "ef655832-434e-3cee-8eb3-355146e32731" }, "@entity": "reference" }, { "summary": { "title": "Ramayana shadow puppets" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "learning subject" } ], "attribution": { "attributor": "Learning Section" } }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-subject-273", "id": "subject-273", "uuid": "2b144ce1-ce45-309d-b52b-1a455650147a" }, "@entity": "reference" } ], "description": [ { "type": "catalogue description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers.", "primary": true }, { "type": "original description", "value": "." }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "1999", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "note": [ { "value": "'Ramayanah'" } ], "source": "Mellor, Mary", "type": "Find Out File", "value": "Shadow puppet theatre in India mainly derives from Hindu Epics, the Ramayah & Mahabharata, and can be traced back to the 12th century. Epic characters include Rama, Sita, Hanuman, Ravana & Ganesha. Plays are also performed about social & political issues, for example promoting health programmes, at festivals, markets & religious ceremonies.The puppets are made from animal skin, which is dried, cleaned, scraped and beaten until it is thin & translucent, and then it is cut to shape. Separate sections form the head, neck, body & limbs. Wires attached to the neck, shoulders, elbows, knees, waist and hands enable the puppets to be moved." }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel.\nBOOKS\/NOTES: Bali version of the Ramayan bought by Matt Yoxall. Green cover. In education library.\nWEBSITES\/NOTES: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm (Cohesive local website all about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm (Local website about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm (bibliography on Shadow Puppets)\nhttp:\/\/ark.cdlib.org\/ark:\/13030\/ft5q2nb449\/ (Rama Stories and Shadow Puppets of South India)\nhttp:\/\/www.mykerala.net\/puppetry\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.hindu.com\/br\/2006\/06\/27\/stories\/2006062700171500.htm\nVIDEOS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: http:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/photo.htm" }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nOLD DESCRIPTION FROM THE USE FIELD: Shadow puppet theatre in India mainly derives from Hindu Epics, the Ramayah & Mahabharata, and can be traced back to the 12th century. Epic characters include Rama, Sita, Hanuman, Ravana & Ganesha. Plays are also performed about social & political issues, for example promoting health programmes, at festivals, markets & religious ceremonies.The puppets are made from animal skin, which is dried, cleaned, scraped and beaten until it is thin & translucent, and then it is cut to shape. Separate sections form the head, neck, body & limbs. Wires attached to the neck, shoulders, elbows, knees, waist and hands enable the puppets to be moved.\n\n- USE\/EVEN MORE, NEEDS EDITING\n\nOLD DESCRIPTION FROM THE MANUFACTURE FIELD: Puppets are made from animal skin, which is dried, cleaned, scraped and beaten until it is thin and translucent and cut to shape. Separate sections form the head, neck, body and limbs. Wires attached to the neck, shoulders, elbows, knees, waist and hands enable the puppets to be moved.\n\nMANUFACTURE\/MORE: In the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\n\nBOOKS: Bali version of the Ramayan bought by Matt Yoxall. Green cover. In education library.\n\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel." }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel.\n\nWEBSITES\/NOTES: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm (Cohesive local website all about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm (Local website about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm (bibliography on Shadow Puppets)\nhttp:\/\/ark.cdlib.org\/ark:\/13030\/ft5q2nb449\/ (Rama Stories and Shadow Puppets of South India)\nhttp:\/\/www.mykerala.net\/puppetry\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.hindu.com\/br\/2006\/06\/27\/stories\/2006062700171500.htm\nVIDEOS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: http:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/photo.htm" }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel.\n\nWEBSITES\/NOTES: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm (Cohesive local website all about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm (Local website about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm (bibliography on Shadow Puppets)\nhttp:\/\/ark.cdlib.org\/ark:\/13030\/ft5q2nb449\/ (Rama Stories and Shadow Puppets of South India)\nhttp:\/\/www.mykerala.net\/puppetry\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.hindu.com\/br\/2006\/06\/27\/stories\/2006062700171500.htm" }, { "type": "manufacture more (online)", "value": "In the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition.\n \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \n\nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets." }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\n\nBOOKS: Bali version of the Ramayan bought by Matt Yoxall. Green cover. In education library.\n\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel." }, { "type": "manufacture basic (online)", "value": "Shadow puppets are made in many different parts of India. This puppet, showing Prince Rama, came from somewhere in South India.\n \nDeerskin or goatskin is normally used as the main material for making shadow puppets in India. First the raw skin is dried. Tools, a bit like a chisel, are used to remove any animal hair. Small holes are made using tools made of bamboo, iron and sometimes the stem of an umbrella. Some puppets are coloured and some are black and white. Finally the skin is treated with chemicals to make it translucent to let the light through. This way the puppet, with its colours and lines, can be clearly seen behind the big screen, lit up by oil lamps or a light bulb, used to make the shadow play. Bamboo sticks are used as the attachments to the body. The puppeteer uses these to move the puppet's arms and legs. Strings tie different parts of the body together." }, { "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel.\n\nBOOKS\/NOTES: Bali version of the Ramayan bought by Matt Yoxall. Green cover. In education library.\n\nWEBSITES\/NOTES: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm (Cohesive local website all about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm (Local website about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm (bibliography on Shadow Puppets)\nhttp:\/\/ark.cdlib.org\/ark:\/13030\/ft5q2nb449\/ (Rama Stories and Shadow Puppets of South India)\nhttp:\/\/www.mykerala.net\/puppetry\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.hindu.com\/br\/2006\/06\/27\/stories\/2006062700171500.htm\nVIDEOS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: http:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/photo.htm" }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\n\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel.\nBOOKS\/NOTES: Bali version of the Ramayan bought by Matt Yoxall. Green cover. In education library.\n\nWEBSITES\/NOTES: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm (Cohesive local website all about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm (Local website about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm (bibliography on Shadow Puppets)\nhttp:\/\/ark.cdlib.org\/ark:\/13030\/ft5q2nb449\/ (Rama Stories and Shadow Puppets of South India)\nhttp:\/\/www.mykerala.net\/puppetry\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.hindu.com\/br\/2006\/06\/27\/stories\/2006062700171500.htm\nVIDEOS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: http:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/photo.htm" }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets.\n\nCONNECTED STORIES: NEEDS EDITING\n\nRELATED OBJECTS: Ravana in the Music Gallery (on display).\nStory Cloth - E720.3 - Quarantine Room (depicts scenes from Balinese version of the Ramayana) ?\nTextile hanging - nn12614 - ? (depicts scenes from the Ramayana)\nOther Indian shadow puppets from the Ramayana \u2013 Ravana, Sita, Hanuman\nCambodian shadow puppets on display in the HOB; especially the stretched skin sample and the tools used to make them and the booklet of how they get made. \nWayang Golek rod puppets from Indonesia \u2013 Rama and Hanuman. Shows how stories and ideas travel.\n\nBOOKS\/NOTES: Bali version of the Ramayan bought by Matt Yoxall. Green cover. In education library.\n\nWEBSITES\/NOTES: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm (Cohesive local website all about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm (Local website about puppets)\nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm (bibliography on Shadow Puppets)\nhttp:\/\/ark.cdlib.org\/ark:\/13030\/ft5q2nb449\/ (Rama Stories and Shadow Puppets of South India)\nhttp:\/\/www.mykerala.net\/puppetry\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.hindu.com\/br\/2006\/06\/27\/stories\/2006062700171500.htm\nVIDEOS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: http:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/photo.htm" }, { "historical": true, "type": "use", "value": "Used for shadow puppet plays that tell the famous Indian story - The Ramayana." }, { "type": "more (online)", "value": "It is called tholu bommalatta (in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh), togalu gombeatta (in the state of Karnataka) and thol pava koothu (in the state of Kerala). Thol means leather, pava means doll and koothu means play. India is a big country whose people speak many different languages. The main spoken language can change from state to state and, therefore, people in different states have different names for shadow puppets and shadow theatre." }, { "historical": true, "type": "use", "value": "How is it used? India has a long tradition in the art of puppetry going back more than 2000 years. Puppets are made to look like the sculptures of people and mythical creatures that can be found in well known Hindu temples. Most South Indian shadow puppets, like this one, are based on characters from the famous Indian stories called The Ramayana (the story of Prince Rama and Princess Sita) and the Mahabharata (another very important story also about the five Pandava Princes). The puppets and there stories are used to tell the audience about the battle between good and evil. Shadow puppet plays are also performed about social and political issues, for example stories are told about how to stay in good health, and why it is important that both boys and girls get the same level of education. You would probably see shadow plays like this at festivals, markets and at religious ceremonies too. A big flat screen is hung on a stage space and a light is made behind it to help make the shadows. Traditionally oil lamps are used to make the light, but electric bulbs are also used nowadays. The puppet can be brought close to the screen to act out its part and then moved away to be replaced by the other. \n \nWho is it used by and why them? \nA puppeteer controls the puppet.They hold it and move it using the bamboo rods attached to its arms, legs and body. The puppeteer has to stand well back though, so that the audience cannot see them. \nBeing a puppeteer is an ancient tradition in India and is passed on down through the family. Children start learning from an early age, sometimes as little as four or five years old. Most traditional puppeteers in India start their shows with prayers and show respect to Ganesh the elepant headed God who is seen as the patron God of all puppets. \n \nShadow puppets are popular in South India in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and some other areas. Men are normally the puppeteers and make the voices of the puppets, but now sometimes women, too, speak for the female characters." }, { "historical": true, "type": "use", "value": "Shadow puppet shows, using a puppet like this one, are often performed over several successive nights. The main point of these stories is that good should always win over evil and that the Gods will never mix with evil demons. \nPuppeteers normally have hardly any formal training. When there is no show, older puppeteers help the juniors in improving their ability to read and memorise the stories they use, often from handwritten manuscripts. All puppeteers know the folk dances of their region, as their puppets have to dance them as part of the show. \nAt the end of the show, the puppeteers put the puppets carefully aside. When the puppets get too old to use anymore, a worship is made for them and then they are floated away on the river. The idea is to treat puppets as blessed by the Gods and therefore show them a special level of respect. \nThe tradition of Chhaya Natak (shadow theatre) seemed to have existed in Gujarat a thousand years ago and then traveled to Maharashtra with a clan of puppeteers. It was given much support by the local rulers there. The clan, who were a wandering tribe, spread their art as they moved further to the south, performing the shadow plays of Maharashtra. Another part of the original tribe migrated (moved) to Karnataka, taking their art form with them. Puppetry remained popular throughout the later centuries and was supported by various rulers in these regions. Traditional puppeteers were mostly itinerant people (people who moved around and worked as they traveled). Therefore they needed the financial help of royalty to survive and sustain their art. Royalty, in turn, often had the puppeteers make the performances about them, using stories of their own heroism as well as for passing on royal decrees and instructions to common people. There were no televisions, radios or newspapers back then. This made puppetry a very useful way of giving information to people. \nThe old puppet theatre has a story which is read or sung. Neither the narrator nor the singers are visible to the audience. Every puppet has its own style of speaking. Traditional puppeteers leave speaking the words to the group leader or other men. Sometimes one man delivers all the words by changing his voice. Now women, too, lend voice for female characters. Interestingly, tips are often given to the person who speaks the words and not the puppeteers. \nIn Karnataka each group has up to 500 puppets and some groups are more than 500 years old. They need a minimum of 80 puppets to make a set. Puppets have joints on neck, shoulders, elbows, waist and hips, and the style is taken from the temples of Chalukya, Vijaynagar and Haysala. Puppets are coloured red, blue, green and black. Manipulation is done sitting down. One man can manipulate two to three puppets at a time, and four to five persons can manipulate simultaneously. \n \nThe shadow puppets of Kerala are called Thol Pava Koothu (Thol meaning leather). One group has about eight members. The group leader is called Pullavar or Pandit (scholar). Puppeteers live only in Kochi, Palghat and Trichur districts. The performance is connected with temple rituals and lasts for seven to 21 days. The group performs on a permanent stage called Koothu Medon or Koothu Mandapam. Sometimes they erect a temporary stage in front of the Kali temple. A black curtain is stitched along with a white curtain, signifying upper portion as the sky and lower portion as the earth. At the end of the festival, they remove the screen, to the accompaniment of fireworks. Four musicians sit right behind the screen. They use Kali (drum), Para (small drum), cymbals and flutes. Every play has a stock character Kindakkaranm (man with an umbrella) and others. After the killing of Ravana by Rama, the play is halted for one or two days. The stage-floor and screen are washed to remove the desecration caused by the bloodshed. \n \nSource: http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm" }, { "type": "use", "value": "Used for shadow puppet plays that tell the famous Indian story - The Ramayana \n \nHow is it used? \nIndia has a long tradition in the art of puppetry going back more than 2000 years. \nPuppets are made to look like the sculptures of people and mythical creatures that can be found in well known Hindu temples. Most South Indian shadow puppets, like this one, are based on characters from the famous Indian stories called The Ramayana (the story of Prince Rama and Princess Sita) and the Mahabharata (another very important story also about the five Pandava Princes). The puppets and there stories are used to tell the audience about the battle between good and evil. Shadow puppet plays are also performed about social and political issues, for example stories are told about how to stay in good health, and why it is important that both boys and girls get the same level of education. You would probably see shadow plays like this at festivals, markets and at religious ceremonies too. \nA big flat screen is hung on a stage space and a light is made behind it to help make the shadows. Traditionally oil lamps are used to make the light, but electric bulbs are also used nowadays. The puppet can be brought close to the screen to act out its part and then moved away to be replaced by the other. \n \nWho is it used by and why them? \nA puppeteer controls the puppet.They hold it and move it using the bamboo rods attached to its arms, legs and body. The puppeteer has to stand well back though, so that the audience cannot see them. \nBeing a puppeteer is an ancient tradition in India and is passed on down through the family. Children start learning from an early age, sometimes as little as 4 or 5 years old. Most traditional puppeteers in India start their shows with prayers and show respect to Ganesh the elepant headed God who is seen as the patron God of all puppets. \nShadow puppets are popular in South India in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and some other areas. Men are normally the puppeteers and make the voices of the puppets, but now sometimes women, too, speak for the female characters \nSee child field for more info." }, { "attribution": { "attributor": "Patel, India" }, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers. Bought from Moonlight Puppets by MEM for the Education Centre.\n\nManufacture continued: \nIn the past, the paint used on the puppets were mixed by the puppeteers themselves, using natural colours from different vegetables. These days they have been replaced by stronger modern chemical based colours. Puppets are normally stored in bamboo or tin boxes to keep them in good condition. \nThe ancient sculptures and friezes (large stone or painted pictures) seen in the regional temples of India were originally used to get ideas for what the puppets should look like. Traditional puppeteers normally copy the designs of old puppets to make sure that traditional designs are not lost. \nShadow puppeteers make their own leather puppets. However, other traditional puppeteers do not make their own puppets. Instead, they ask craftsmen to make them for them. They only help in making costumes. \n\nPuppeteers live mainly in the Kochi, Palghat, and Trichur districts of Kerala. The master puppeteer in the group is called Pulavar, meaning scholar, after a famous family of puppeteers. The family troupe at Koonathara is the only surviving troupe from the Pulavar family in Kerala to preserve the art and train new artists in the traditional methods of puppetry including the production of puppets." }, { "attribution": { "attributor": "Patel, India" }, "type": "description", "value": "Shadow puppet, cut and painted hide depicting Rama wearing headdress and orange trousers." } ], "language": [ "eng" ], "title": [ { "type": "catalogue title", "value": "tholu bommalatta, togalu gombeatta, thol pava koothu", "primary": true }, { "type": "display title" }, { "type": "display title", "value": "tholu bommalatta, togalu gombeatta, thol pava koothu" }, { "type": "more (online)", "value": "It is called tholu bommalatta (in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh), togalu gombeatta (in the state of Karnataka) and thol pava koothu (in the state of Kerala). Thol means leather, pava means doll and koothu means play. India is a big country whose people speak many different languages. The main spoken language can change from state to state and, therefore, people in different states have different names for shadow puppets and shadow theatre." } ], "type": { "sub_type": [ "general" ], "scope": "WHOLE", "base": "object" }, "legal": { "status": "handling collection" }, "options": { "item_count": "1", "option7": "Anthropology", "option5": "Puppets: shadow", "use": "This puppet would have been used for making shadow plays that tell the story of the Ramayana. The puppet would be held behind a large flat screen, which is backlit by a large light (traditionally an oil lamp, but electric lights are now common) to create the shadow on the screen. The puppeteer controls the puppet with the bamboo rods attached to its body and limbs.", "flag4": "N", "option6": "http:\/\/puppetindia.com\/shadow.htm; \nhttp:\/\/www.puppetryindia.org\/types.htm; \nhttp:\/\/www.ignca.nic.in\/bibsp001.htm", "flag3": "N", "flag2": "N", "flag1": "N", "system_count": "0", "option1": "People have been travelling the world for centuries. As people travel, they take their stories with them, inside their heads and inside their hearts. The Ramayana is a very special Indian story, loved and respected by Indians and other cultures all around the world. The Ramayana travelled mainly with sailors and trades people who went to other countries to trade goods. Sometimes these sailors and trades people were away for months on end. While they stayed in 'foreign lands' they told their stories, like the Ramayana, and talked about their home lives and their religions, too. They also shared their special skills, dances and music. Due to this, ideas from Hindu religion and the story of Rama and Sita \u2013 The Ramayana, can be found in many other countries around Asia. Some of these countries include Burma, Thailand, Cambodia and Indonesia. Local versions of The Ramayana are told in all these countries still, so you never know when you might come face to face with the evil Ravana.\n\nThink of the famous stories you know. Also think of stories you have been told. Who told them to you? Where did they come from and where did their story come from? Did you tell these stories to anyone else? If so, who and why?\n\nWith declining funding for the arts, many puppeteers no longer exhibit their puppetry but only sell puppets to tourists. \n\nWhat popular puppet plays exist in the UK?", "option2": "Shadow puppets are made in many different parts of India. This puppet showing Prince Rama, came from somewhere in South India. \nDeerskin or goatskin is normally used as the main material for making shadow puppets in India. First, the raw skin is dried. Tools, a bit like a chisel, are used to remove any animal hair. Small holes are made using tools made of bamboo, iron, and sometimes the stem of an umbrella. Some puppets are coloured and some are black-and-white. Finally, the skin is treated with chemicals to make it translucent to let the light through. This way the puppet, with its colours and lines, can be clearly seen behind the big screen, lit up by oil lamps or a light bulb, used to make the shadow play. Bamboo sticks are used as the attachments to the body. The puppeteer uses these to move the puppets arms and legs. Strings tie different parts of the body together.", "option10": "ComEd: Hands on our Puppets; Discovery Box: Indian Shadow Puppets" }, "appraisal": [ { "source": "catalogue", "@entity": "lifecycle" } ], "term": [ { "summary": { "title": "Hindu" }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-500649", "id": "term-500649", "uuid": "07695e7f-0a24-3f2a-8bca-375b2176b2cb" }, "@entity": "reference" }, { "summary": { "title": "shadow puppets" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "object name (Horniman Ethno.)" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "26-Aug-99", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Horniman Education Centre" } }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-505459", "id": "term-505459", "uuid": "213bfc65-9539-37a9-845a-5c4a3bc70e3f" }, "@entity": "reference" }, { "summary": { "title": "shell" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "classified as" } ] }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1016308", "id": "term-1016308", "uuid": "d70dcb44-62ad-3e14-b299-ecce51efdadb" }, "@entity": "reference" } ], "physical": [ { "note": "Rooney, Imogen 1999-08-26", "component": "overall", "term": "complete", "descriptor": "completeness", "@reference": { "@entity": "literal" }, "type": "completeness" }, { "component": "overall", "term": "cane", "descriptor": "material", "@reference": { "summary": { "title": "cane" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "material" } ] }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1015491", "id": "term-1015491", "uuid": "b81a86fa-e2c2-3000-a11b-ac6ef393a512" }, "@entity": "reference" }, "type": "material" }, { "component": "overall", "term": "pigment", "descriptor": "material", "@reference": { "summary": { "title": "pigment" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "material" } ] }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1018232", "id": "term-1018232", "uuid": "41523533-464e-3170-a866-63e710b34659" }, "@entity": "reference" }, "type": "material" }, { "component": "overall", "term": "hide", "descriptor": "material", "@reference": { "summary": { "title": "hide" }, "@link": { "role": 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