{ "instructions": [ { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "1999-08-31", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "note": "IROONEY", "instruction": "amber", "type": "HANDLING STATUS" } ], "note": [ { "type": "catalogue note", "value": "OLD DESCRIPTION: Bought MEM from Ray Man in 1990." } ], "loan": { "value": "N" }, "subject": [ { "summary": { "title": "Music" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "related subject" } ], "attribution": { "attributor": "Learning Section" } }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-subject-46", "id": "subject-46", "uuid": "8e751554-9990-3f09-a696-01b6fc7ff25f" }, "@entity": "reference" }, { "summary": { "title": "Rainmaker" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "learning subject" } ], "attribution": { "attributor": "Learning Section" } }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-subject-269", "id": "subject-269", "uuid": "d5969dcf-9a3a-355e-8ab3-704de79b6588" }, "@entity": "reference" } ], "description": [ { "type": "catalogue description", "value": "Rain stick made from bamboo with skin ends, filled with seeds or shells. Mexico?", "primary": true }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Rain stick made from bamboo with skin ends, filled with seeds or shells. Mexico? Bought MEM from Ray Man in 1990.\n{WHYtoLATIN\/LOCALCHILDFIELDisover500maxchars: 'Palo' means stick or pole and 'Agua' means water in the Spanish language of Chile. Krenceng Krenceng is the sound a similar stick makes when played in Bali, Indonesia. Similar instruments are found in other South American countries and in Africa.\nIn 1914 E. M. von Hornbostel and C. Sachs developed a way of grouping musical instruments together to make them easier to study. This system of classification had four main groups; idiophones, membranophones, chordophones, and aerophones and for the first time included instruments from all around the world in one system.\nLike all idiophones, the Rainmakers sound is made by the materials it is made from vibrating, in this case the seeds and pebbles hit the sides of the instrument when its is shaken.}" }, { "type": "manufacture basic (online)", "value": "The body of the Rainmaker is made from bamboo or hollowed dried cactus with sealed ends. Its interior has a maze or spiral of cactus spines, palm slivers, or wooden pegs down which small lava pebbles, shells or sometimes beans cascade to reproduce the sound of rainfall. \n\nCactus Rainmakers are made from the dead branch of a cactus with the spines removed and pushed back into the insides of the instrument to catch the falling pebbles." }, { "historical": true, "type": "description", "value": "Rain stick made from bamboo with skin ends, filled with seeds or shells. Mexico? Bought MEM from Ray Man in 1990.\n\n{WHYtoLATIN\/LOCALCHILDFIELDisover500maxchars: \n\n'Palo' means stick or pole and 'Agua' means water in the Spanish language of Chile. Krenceng Krenceng is the sound a similar stick makes when played in Bali, Indonesia. Similar instruments are found in other South American countries and in Africa. Like all idiophones, the Rainmakers sound is made by the materials it is made from vibrating, in this case the seeds and pebbles hit the sides of the instrument when its is shaken." }, { "type": "description", "value": "Rain stick made from bamboo with skin ends, filled with seeds or shells. Mexico? Bought MEM from Ray Man in 1990." }, { "historical": true, "type": "use", "value": "It is tilted, shaken, or tapped to produce the percussive sound reminiscent of rainfall." }, { "type": "use", "value": "The body of the Rainmaker is made from bamboo or hollowed dried cactus with sealed ends. Its interior has a maze or spiral of cactus spines, palm slivers, or wooden pegs down which small lava pebbles, shells, or sometimes beans cascade to reproduce the sound of rainfall. \n\nThe rainmaker's origins are disputed. Some suggest it was invented by the Aztecs and spread through South and Central America. Although this is possible, there are no accounts of such an instrument in Spanish documentation of the time, neither is there any archaeological finds to strongly support this. \n\nIt is also suggested that the rainmaker was invented for shamanistic reasons and was used by the Diaguita Indians of Chile, traditional farmers of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile to invoke rain spirits and produce the rain necessary for their crops to flourish. The fact that the Atacama Desert is one of the driest areas in South America may have lent weight to such a theory.\n\nAnother theory is that rainmakers were created by native peoples in the rain forest. They took a hollowed out branch from a tree, covered both ends, and used it to carry their seeds and precious items from one place to another as they travelled. Inside the branch, there were thorns or sticks that would 'catch' the seeds as they fell, creating a noise that sounded like the slow drizzle of rain.\n\nSimilar instruments can be found in Africa that use gourds in place of the cactus. An African reed shaker consists of a series of strung together reeds with pebbles inside them which, when tipped, produce a rainmaker type sound." }, { "type": "commentary", "value": "It is tilted, shaken or tapped to produce the percussive sound reminiscent of rainfall.\nThe body of the Rainmaker is made from bamboo or hollowed dried cactus with sealed ends. Its interior has a maze or spiral of cactus spines, palm slivers or wooden pegs down which small lava pebbles, shells or sometimes beans, cascade to reproduce the sound of rainfall. \nThe Rainmaker's origins are disputed. Some suggest it was invented by the Aztecs and spread through South and Central America. Although this is possible there are no accounts of such an instrument in Spanish documentation of the time, neither is there any archaeological finds to strongly support this. \nIt is also suggested that the Rainmaker was invented for shamanistic reasons and was used by the Diaguita Indians of Chile, traditional farmers of the Atacama Desert in Northern Chile to invoke rain spirits and produce the rain necessary for their crops to flourish. The fact that the Atacama Desert is one of the driest areas in South America may have lent weight to such a theory.\nAnother theory is that Rainmakers were created by native peoples in the rain forest. They took a hollowed out branch from a tree, covered both ends and used it to carry their seeds and precious items from one place to another as they travelled. Inside the branch were thorns or sticks that would \"catch\" the seeds as they fell, creating a noise that sounded like the slow drizzle of rain.\nSimilar instruments can be found in Africa that use gourds in place of the cactus. An African Reed Shaker consists of a series of strung together reeds with pebbles inside them which, when tipped, produce a Rainmaker type sound." }, { "attribution": { "attributor": "Patel, India" }, "type": "description", "value": "Rain stick made from bamboo with skin ends, filled with seeds or shells. Mexico?" } ], "language": [ "eng" ], "title": [ { "type": "catalogue title", "value": "rainstick, palo de agua, krenceng krenceng, shaken idiophone", "primary": true }, { "type": "classified as" }, { "type": "more (online)", "value": "Palo means stick or pole and agua means water in the Spanish language of Chile. Krenceng krenceng is the sound a similar stick makes when played in Bali, Indonesia. Similar instruments are found in other South American countries and in Africa. Like all idiophones, the rainmaker's sound is made by the materials it is made from vibrating, in this case the seeds and pebbles hit the sides of the instrument when it is shaken." }, { "type": "display title", "value": "rainstick, palo de agua, krenceng krenceng, shaken idiophone" } ], "type": { "sub_type": [ "general" ], "scope": "WHOLE", "base": "object" }, "legal": { "status": "handling collection" }, "options": { "item_count": "1", "option7": "Musical Instruments", "option5": "Musical instruments: shaking; Belief", "use": "Rainmakers are tilted, shaken, or tapped to produce a percussive sound similar to rainfall. The origins of rainmakers are disputed - some suggest it was originally invented by the Atzecs, however there are not any archeological records to support this; others suggest rainmakers were invented by the Diaguita people of Chile for shamanistic purposes; others believe that rainmakes were created by people native to the South American rainforests. Similar instruments can also be found in Africa, though they use gourds in place of cacti.", "flag4": "N", "option6": "Rault, L. 'Musical Instruments -A Worldwide Survey of Traditional Music-Making' ISBN:0-500-51035-0.; \nSandra Chisholm Robinson 'The Rainstick, a Fable' ISBN: 1560442840.; \nCaistor, N. 'Rainstick Pack' Rizzoli ISBN: 0789300923.; \nhttp:\/\/www.exploratorium.edu\/frogs\/rain_stick\/index.html", "flag3": "N", "flag2": "N", "flag1": "N", "system_count": "0", "option1": "The Rainmaker is still used today as a percussion instrument in jazz, folk and world music.\n\nA group of young musicians calling themselves 'Creator' came together in Kerala, India, in 2007, to promote the use of bamboo musical instruments. Chief among these instruments were rainmakers and bongos. Kerala produces 19% of India's bamboo and many local people depend on this cheap and plentiful crop for their livelihoods. \n\nWhy is there a lack of evidence of the history, development and uses of the rainmaker?\nWhy would people want to make rain?\nIs there any evidence of modern scientific methods of producing rain?", "option2": "The body of the Rainmaker is made from bamboo or hollowed dried cactus with sealed ends. Its interior has a maze or spiral of cactus spines, palm slivers or wooden pegs down which small lava pebbles, shells or sometimes beans, cascade to reproduce the sound of rainfall. \nCactus Rainmakers are made from the dead branch of a cactus with the spines removed and pushed back into the insides of the instrument to catch the falling pebbles.", "option10": "ComEd: Hands on Music SEND Sensory Session: A Musical Adventure" }, "appraisal": [ { "source": "catalogue", "@entity": "lifecycle" } ], "term": [ { "summary": { "title": "Mexican Peoples" }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-500758", "id": "term-500758", "uuid": "c9b776a3-a528-3c10-8b31-a7c92407068f" }, "@entity": "reference" }, { "summary": { "title": "shell" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "classified as" } ] }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1016308", "id": "term-1016308", "uuid": "d70dcb44-62ad-3e14-b299-ecce51efdadb" }, "@entity": "reference" } ], "physical": [ { "note": "Rooney, Imogen 1999-08-31", "component": "overall", "term": "complete", "descriptor": "completeness", "@reference": { "@entity": "literal" }, "type": "completeness" }, { "component": "overall", "term": "skin", "descriptor": "material", "@reference": { "summary": { "title": "skin" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "material" } ] }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1015473", "id": "term-1015473", "uuid": "9bd25b76-37a7-394e-b5f3-fd6c1f381582" }, "@entity": "reference" }, "type": "material" }, { "component": "overall", "term": "bamboo", "descriptor": "material", "@reference": { "summary": { "title": "bamboo" }, "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "material" } ] }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1016367", "id": "term-1016367", "uuid": "a37e0e96-5d3c-3115-b197-f13dc3a9da22" }, "@entity": "reference" }, "type": "material" } ], "creation": { "place": [ { "summary": { "title": "Mexico" }, "@link": { "source": "catalogue" }, "name": [ { "value": "Mexico" } ], "@entity": "literal" }, { "summary": { "title": "Mexico" }, "@admin": { "uid": "hmc-place-245", "id": "place-245", "uuid": "d4555105-713f-33a4-aec4-e03fa85ed115" }, "@entity": "reference" } ], "@entity": "lifecycle" }, "measurements": { "display": "overall: 742 x 79 mm", "count": "1", "dimensions": [ { "type": "catalogue dimensions", "value": "overall: 742 x 79 mm", "primary": true }, { "units": "in", "dimension": "diameter", "value": "3 1\/8" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "diameter", "value": "79" }, { "units": "in", "dimension": "height", "value": "29 3\/16" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "height", "value": "742" } ] }, "summary": { "title": "rainmaker" }, "identifier": [ { "accession_number": "HC.1999.1588", "type": "accession number", "value": "HC.1999.1588", "primary": true } ], "collection": "Musical Instruments", "condition": [ { "date": { "earliest": 1999, "value": "1999-08-31", "latest": 1999 }, "examiner": "Rooney, Imogen", "value": "1: good" } ], "multimedia": [ { "processed": { "preview": { "resizable": true, "format": "jpeg", "modified": 1222768774000, 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