{
    "instructions": [
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2015,
                    "value": "2015-01-08",
                    "latest": 2015,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "note": "Complete",
            "author": "Shepherd, Rupert",
            "type": "CO Core Record QA"
        },
        {
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                    "value": "2015-01-08",
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                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "note": "Core Record",
            "author": "Shepherd, Rupert",
            "type": "CO"
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    ],
    "loan": {
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    },
    "projects": [
        "EXPORT 3RD (2000-11-29)",
        "MINIM-UK"
    ],
    "description": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue description",
            "value": "Namalwa, friction drum.",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "historical": true,
            "type": "object description",
            "value": "namalwa"
        },
        {
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                {
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                    "value": "24-Jun-99",
                    "latest": 1999,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "type": "object description",
            "value": "friction drum"
        },
        {
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                {
                    "value": "Transcribed from record 2009-02-06 G Maurino"
                }
            ],
            "attribution": {
                "source": "Typology file record"
            },
            "type": "description",
            "value": "Friction drum, local name 'namalwa'\nMuseum no. M11-1986\nMade by: Bo Mutompehi Sikokozi\nAddress: Nangili Primary School, PO Limilunga, Mongu, Zambia\nDate of manufacture: 10th December 1984\nPurchased by the Horniman Museum from: L. M. Tawila, Chima Milling Co. Ltd., PO Box 630549, Choma, Zambia\nThe grey plastic-coated lead attached to the instrument is a carrying handle, not an amplifying device.\nHeigth: 46 cm.\nSee also video no: C10- Demonstration of friction drum by vendor.\nHeld in library as Video \/ 90\/ 490\nAudio tape in library: Africa \/ 86 \/ 884\nSlides in library: Slide \/ 86 \/ 394\nMaterials and techniques used in making the drum:\n1) Mungango tree (hollow dug)\n2) Ox's skin\n3) Mungango friction stick\n4) Other miscellaneous materials\nPlaying technique\n1) Fetch water in a mug\n2) Get a piece of cotton cloth\n3) Wetten the piece of cotton cloth by water from the mug\n4) Moisten the friction stick\n5) Position yourself well to stant friction on the stick\nThe musical and social contexts in which the instrument is used\n1) Mainly played during drinking sessions and other ceremonies such as funerals\n2) Herdsmen use it in the season of shifting between the Zamkezi Plain and the surrounding forests. The heardsman drums it and the animals follow behind.\nThe distribution of this Namalwa drum is limited to the people of Central Africa and probably other parts of Africa and it is used in the traditional way of life, because its commercial use is limited to few musicians in the tours. (Information supplied by  L. M. Tawila, Chima Milling Co. Ltd., PO Box 630549, Choma, Zambia)"
        },
        {
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            "value": "Namalwa, friction drum. The shell of mongongo wood (Schinziophyton rautaenii), tapering slightly towards a narrow rim at the base.  The undulating edge of the ox-hide membrane is pegged directly to the shell. The surface of the shell is untreated, apart from a dark band burnt below the pegs and the lower rim, which is also black. A round stick of mongongo wood is attached to the centre of the underside of the membrane and extends thorough the central cavity, with its end in line with the lower rim. The skin vibrates when the stick is rubbed."
        },
        {
            "type": "use",
            "value": "A stick passes through the centre of the membrane. The skin vibrates when the stick is rubbed."
        }
    ],
    "language": [
        "eng"
    ],
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            "primary": true
        },
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        "scope": "WHOLE",
        "base": "object"
    },
    "legal": {
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    },
    "options": {
        "option9": "toxic ethylene oxide-suspected",
        "option5": "Membranophone",
        "flag4": "N",
        "flag3": "N",
        "system_count": "0",
        "flag2": "N",
        "option4": "EXPORT 3RD (2000-11-29); MINIM-UK",
        "flag1": "N",
        "number1": "1"
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            "@link": {
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            "@admin": {
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            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        }
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    "physical": [
        {
            "note": "MAIN",
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "wood",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
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                    ]
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                "@admin": {
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                    "uuid": "9374e5ef-ab0b-3b66-84bd-3f9728ed1f9a"
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            "type": "material"
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        {
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "metal",
            "descriptor": "material",
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                    "title": "metal"
                },
                "@link": {
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            "@reference": {
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            "type": "material"
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        {
            "component": "overall",
            "term": "rubber",
            "descriptor": "material",
            "@reference": {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "rubber"
                },
                "@link": {
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                        {
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                },
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            "descriptor": "material",
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                    "title": "hide"
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            },
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            }
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                },
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                },
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                    }
                ],
                "@entity": "literal"
            },
            {
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                    "id": "agent-2980",
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        ],
        "place": [
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                    "title": "Monge"
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                "@link": {
                    "role": [
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                        }
                    ]
                },
                "@admin": {
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                    "id": "place-1811",
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                "@entity": "reference"
            },
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "Mongu, Malawi"
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                },
                "name": [
                    {
                        "value": "Mongu, Malawi"
                    }
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                "@entity": "literal"
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    },
    "measurements": {
        "display": "overall: 18.8976  x  x 13.3858 in.; 480 x 340 mm",
        "dimensions": [
            {
                "type": "catalogue dimensions",
                "value": "overall: 18.90 x 13.39 in.; 480 x 340 mm; length handle: 17.32  x  in.; 440 mm",
                "primary": true
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "diameter",
                "value": "13 3\/8"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "diameter",
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            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "height",
                "value": "18 7\/8"
            },
            {
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            }
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    "exhibition": [
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            },
            "@link": {
                "catalogue": {
                    "catalogued": "N"
                }
            },
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    ],
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        "title": "namalwa; friction drum"
    },
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            "type": "accession number",
            "value": "M11-1986",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
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                {
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                }
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            "source": "Loans",
            "type": "entry number",
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        },
        {
            "source": "Combined Lab. Numbers",
            "type": "Horniman laboratory number",
            "value": "11316"
        },
        {
            "source": "Music Inventory Database",
            "type": "Horniman laboratory number",
            "value": "4150"
        },
        {
            "source": "Ralph Appelbaum Associates",
            "type": "external number",
            "value": "a-1658"
        }
    ],
    "collection": "Musical Instruments",
    "component": [
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            },
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                "dimensions": [
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                        "dimension": "height",
                        "value": "17 5\/16"
                    },
                    {
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                        "dimension": "height",
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                    }
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    "condition": [
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                "latest": 2003
            },
            "examiner": "Pancaldo, Susanna",
            "value": "2: fair"
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                "purpose": "Exhibition",
                "moved": {
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