{ "note": [ { "type": "catalogue note", "value": "Dominicus Venetus, 1564. This instrument was extensively documented by Mimi Waitzman in January, 1997. The original data sheets, the fair copy, the drawings and the associated reports can be found in the blue binder. Scans of the data sheets, a fair copy and the report can be found digitally in the same file as noted in the next sentence. An account of the water damage that it sustained by a leak from a heating pipe at SCC in November 2004 can be found at: T\/Music\/Keyboard Cataloguing Project\/Venetus virginalsM70-1983, together with an account of the remedial work done. Photographs (by John Hammond) of the instrument taken before the water damage are in the Music Department Keeper's office." } ], "loan": { "value": "N" }, "projects": [ "MINIM-UK" ], "objects": [ { "@link": { "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2016, "value": "2016-03-16", "latest": 2016, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi", "source": "acquisition file" }, "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "virginals", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-object-239845", "id": "object-239845", "uuid": "09c7feab-be1e-3b62-bc6b-323a67770088" } } ], "admin": { "processed": 1740679468092, "sequence": 7460266, "uid": "hmc-object-13482", "added": 1663961726005, "stream": "collections-online", "id": "object-13482", "source": "hmc", "uuid": "ab9bb1a7-37db-3442-a23f-6e171a5c7472" }, "description": [ { "type": "catalogue description", "value": "Virginal inscribed on the jackrail front: DOMINICUS VENETUS FECIT MDLXIIII and on the back of the facia: RESTORED BY A DOLMETSCH LTD. HASLEMERE\/1958.", "primary": true }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "1999-02-14", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "historical": true, "source": "Horniman Museum. Conservation Section", "type": "object description", "value": "DOMENICUS VIRGINAL" }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "26-Dec-99", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "historical": true, "type": "object description", "value": "virginals" }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "1999-02-14", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "historical": true, "source": "Horniman Museum. Conservation Section", "type": "object description", "value": "DOMENICUS VIRGINOUS" }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 1999, "value": "26-Dec-99", "latest": 1999, "primary": true } ], "type": "object description", "value": "virginal" }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 2007, "value": "2007-11-27", "latest": 2007, "primary": true } ], "attribution": { "source": "Sotheby's valuation" }, "type": "valuation description", "value": "A Polygonal Virginals inscribed on the jackrail 'Dominicus a Venetus fecit MDLXIIII', the inner case of pine, the soundboard also of pine both decorated in black with scrollwork, the latter also with inset gilded, pierced and carved wooden rose, the faciaboard painted with a panel in green monochrome with a scene of Apollo playing to two camels and an elephant, the rest of the faciaboard and the cheeks painted in various bright colours with arabesque, the four octave keyboard, E to f3 with archaded boxwood natural and ebony accidentals, length 59 ins, width 18 1\/2 ins, in oak outer case with brass strap hinges, on six square tapering legs, 19th\/20th century." }, { "date": [ { "earliest": 2007, "value": "2007-11-26", "latest": 2007, "primary": true } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 1981, "value": "1981", "latest": 1981, "primary": true } ], "source": "The Dolmetsch Collection of Musical Instruments" }, "type": "catalogue description", "value": "II:1 [A]\nVirginal\nItaly 1564\nInscribed on jackrail: Dominicus Venetus fecit MDLXIIII\nInscribed in pencil behind nameboard: Restored by A Dolmetsch Ltd. \/ Haslemere \/ 1958\nRectangular virginals of pine, with recessed keyboard.\nCompass E-f3, a short octave seems to have been abandoned.\nThe naturals faced with boxwood and the accidentals with ebony. The internal surfaces are decorated with scroll work in black. The nameboard is decorated with arabesques and a cartouche showing Orpheus playing to the animals. The instrument is enclosed in an outer case and stand of oak in the 'art nouveau' style. The names Dominicus Venetus and Dominicus Pisaurensis are believed to refer to the instrument maker who was responsible for producing a harpsichord with an experimental keyboard to the specifications of the theorist Zarlino in 1548. Very little is known about Dominicus but instruments bearing his name are dated between 1533 and 1600, a fact which suggests that there may have been a number of makers of this name." }, { "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2015, "value": "2015-06-05", "latest": 2015, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi" }, "type": "commentary (online)", "value": "Virginals and spinets, smaller, more portable and less expensive than harpsichords, could be set up in any room on any convenient table. Extremely popular, they were produced throughout Europe and assumed many outlines. The early polygonal and rectangular virginals gradually gave way to the wing-shaped spinets.\n\nVirginals are generally distinguished from spinets by having the lowest (longest) string nearest to the player. In spinets the lowest string is the one furthest from the player. Other technical features also contribute to distinguishing one from the other. Nevertheless, historical examples sometimes confound modern definitions by not conforming entirely to one definition or the other. In the historical period, the terminology referring to smaller plucked keyboard instruments was also sometimes confused.\n\nMost virginals and spinets had only one set of strings, with few or no possibilities for varying the volume or tone colour. They naturally served for practice, but were also widely used for performing solos and accompanying more intimate ensembles of singers and quiet instruments like the lute and viol. Their diminutive size sometimes invited extravagant decoration to display as a trophy of wealth, or bestow as a token of love." }, { "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2015, "value": "2015-05-13", "latest": 2015, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi" }, "type": "description (online)", "value": "A pentagonal virginals, with a recessed keyboard, basically rectangular in shape but with the distal right hand corner 'cut off', made in Italy in the mid 16th century. Its compass of 50 notes was originally C\/E-f''', (short octave), but was made to sound chromatically, probably during a 20th-century restoration. The instrument is no longer in playing condition. \n\nIt is inscribed on the front of the jackrail: Dominicus Venetus Fecit MDLXIIII [1564] and on the back of the facia: Restored by A Dolmetsch Ltd., Haslemere, 1958. The maker is unlikely to have been Dominicus Venetus, judging from the profile of the mouldings. These appear to bear a stronger similarity to those of another Italian maker of the period, Patavinus Antonius of Padova. \n\nThe construction is of the true inner-outer case type, meaning that the lightly built instrument is nested in a more robust outer wooden case from which it can be completely removed. The original outer case of this instrument does not survive; rather it is enclosed in an outer case of highly figured oak, the design and hardware characteristic of the 'art nouveau' style of the early 20th century and probably made by Arnold Dolmetsch. The simple matching apron stand has three pairs of tapered legs, evenly spaced across the length of the instrument, the front central leg inconveniently positioned for anyone seated to play.\n\nThe stringwell is decorated with black ink patterns similar in style to those found in the mid 16th-century pattern books of Francesco Pellegrino and Balthasar Sylvius and used later on printed papers to decorate Flemish keyboard instruments. The soundboard has scalloping around the rose hole and flourishes all over, also in black, but freer in style and less delicate than those in the string well. The large gilded wooden rose is intricately carved in a geometric pattern with a six-pointed star enclosing a circle which encloses another star.\n\nThe matching panels to the left and right of the keyboard have gold flourishes painted on a red ground, while the facia has symmetrical designs in pink, green and black on a red ground. A central cartouche depicts a seated figure, presumably Orpheus, playing on a bowed viol-shaped instrument to several animals.\n\nThe present keyboard and jacks are replacements and may date from different 20th-century restorations." } ], "language": [ "eng" ], "title": [ { "type": "catalogue title", "value": "314.122-6-8 True board zithers with resonator box (box zithers) sounded by plectrum, with keyboard", "primary": true }, { "@reference": { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "classified as" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2016, "value": "2016-09-13", "latest": 2016, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi" }, "type": "reference", "variation": 0 }, "summary_title": "314.122-6-8 True board zithers with resonator box (box zithers) sounded by plectrum, with keyboard", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1018533", "id": "term-1018533", "uuid": "dff1c879-79f7-352d-a7f6-0e5672b6f814" } }, "type": "classified as" } ], "type": { "sub_type": [ "general" ], "scope": "WHOLE", "base": "object" }, "lifecycle": { "creation": [ { "date": [ { "role": [ { "value": "date made" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2015, "value": "2015-05-13", "latest": 2015, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi" }, "sort": "01", "earliest": 1501, "value": "mid 16th century", "latest": 1600 }, { "source": "catalogue", "earliest": 1501, "value": "mid 16th century", "latest": 1600 }, { "earliest": 1564, "value": "1564", "latest": 1564 } ], "places": [ { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "made or collected" } ], "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "Italy", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-place-216", "id": "place-216", "uuid": "0bc0a03e-90f7-36fd-a10c-d8f576599baf" }, "sort": "01" }, { "@link": { "source": "catalogue", "type": "literal" }, "summary_title": "Italy; Europe", "name": [ { "value": "Italy; Europe" } ] } ], "maker": [ { "@link": { "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "Sharpshooter, A.", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-agent-6140", "id": "agent-6140", "uuid": "28ef6fec-6641-3283-8cdf-ad3a686f281e" } }, { "@link": { "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "Dominicus Venetus", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-agent-6319", "id": "agent-6319", "uuid": "ded9cc37-9df3-3782-92aa-f1b21b10db24" } }, { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "maker" } ], "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "Dominicus, Venetus", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-agent-6320", "id": "agent-6320", "uuid": "6666b590-1c28-3ea7-b099-b19f2d3269b5" }, "historical": true }, { "@link": { "source": "catalogue", "type": "literal" }, "summary_title": "formerly attributed to Dominicus Venetus. Possibly by Antonius Patavinus.", "name": [ { "value": "formerly attributed to Dominicus Venetus. Possibly by Antonius Patavinus." } ] } ] } ] }, "terms": [ { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "object name" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2019, "value": "2019-03-09", "latest": 2019, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Whitson Cloud, Jonathan" }, "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "virginals", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1019755", "id": "term-1019755", "uuid": "1691e088-5139-3666-a948-4f4aebb9c57a" } }, { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "classified as" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2016, "value": "2016-09-13", "latest": 2016, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi" }, "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "314.122-6-8 True board zithers with resonator box (box zithers) sounded by plectrum, with keyboard", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1018533", "id": "term-1018533", "uuid": "dff1c879-79f7-352d-a7f6-0e5672b6f814" } } ], "summary_title": "virginal", "legal": { "status": "permanent collection" }, "options": { "option7": "Dolmetsch Collection", "option5": "Chordophone", "flag4": "N", "flag3": "N", "system_count": "0", "flag2": "N", "option4": "MINIM-UK", "flag1": "N", "number1": "1" }, "appraisal": [ { "source": "catalogue", "@entity": "lifecycle" } ], "inscription": [ { "note": [ { "value": "According to Denzil Wraight, the mouldings on this instrument bear little or no resemblance to those on the other instruments by DV. The mouldings evidently bear more resemblance to those found on a surviving virginals of Antonius Patavinus from 1550." } ], "description": [ { "value": "probably fake" } ], "details": [ { "transcription": "Dominicu Venetus Fecit MDLXIIII", "translation": [ { "value": "Made by Dominicu Venetus 1564" } ] } ], "language": [ "Latin" ], "location": "front jackrail", "sort": "01", "type": "maker's name" }, { "note": [ { "value": "This post-dates Arnold Dolmetsch's death. Whether he had a hand in it before this time is, as yet, unverifiable." } ], "details": [ { "transcription": "Restored by A Dolmetsch Ltd., Haslemere\/1958" } ], "language": [ "English" ], "location": "back of facia", "sort": "02", "type": "inscription" } ], "categories": [ { "type": "category1", "value": "Musical Instruments" } ], "measurements": { "note": [ { "value": "depth measurement varies from 199 to 210mm incl. the moulding and from 197 to 199 excl." } ], "display": "overall: 1498 mm x 470 mm x 200 mm", "dimensions": [ { "type": "catalogue dimensions", "value": "front (longest side): 1498 mm; plucking point of C5 (c2): 101.5 mm; sounding length of C5 (c2): 351.5 mm; stichmass: 491 mm", "primary": true }, { "units": "in", "dimension": "depth", "value": "7 7\/8" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "depth", "value": "200" }, { "units": "in", "dimension": "height", "value": "59" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "height", "value": "1498" }, { "units": "in", "dimension": "width", "value": "18 1\/2" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "width", "value": "470" } ] }, "identifier": [ { "accession_number": "M70-1983", "type": "accession number", "value": "M70-1983", "primary": true }, { "sort": "01", "source": "Horniman Museum and Palmer, 1981", "type": "catalogue number", "value": "II:1" }, { "sort": "02", "source": "Lab book database", "type": "Horniman laboratory number", "value": "9206" }, { "note": [ { "value": "Number allocated on one copy of Sotheby's 1979 valuation of the collection in the history file." } ], "sort": "03", "type": "external number", "value": "A73\/D84" } ], "collection": "Musical Instruments", "hornbostelSachs": [ { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "classified as" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2016, "value": "2016-09-13", "latest": 2016, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi" }, "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "314.122-6-8 True board zithers with resonator box (box zithers) sounded by plectrum, with keyboard", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1018533", "id": "term-1018533", "uuid": "dff1c879-79f7-352d-a7f6-0e5672b6f814" } } ], "component": [ { "name": { "value": "front (longest side)" }, "measurements": { "display": "front (longest side): 1498 mm", "attribution": { "type": "display" }, "dimensions": [ { "units": "in", "dimension": "height", "value": "59" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "height", "value": "1498" } ] } }, { "name": { "value": "sounding length of c5 (c2)" }, "measurements": { "display": "sounding length of C5 (c2): 351.5 mm", "dimensions": [ { "units": "in", "dimension": "height", "value": "13 13\/16" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "height", "value": "351.5" } ] } }, { "name": { "value": "stichmass" }, "measurements": { "display": "stichmass: 491 mm", "dimensions": [ { "units": "in", "dimension": "height", "value": "19 5\/16" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "height", "value": "491" } ] } }, { "name": { "value": "plucking point of c5 (c2)" }, "measurements": { "display": "plucking point of C5 (c2): 101.5 mm", "dimensions": [ { "units": "in", "dimension": "height", "value": "4" }, { "units": "mm", "dimension": "height", "value": "101.5" } ] } } ], "condition": [ { "date": { "earliest": 2023, "value": "2023-03-06", "latest": 2023 }, "examiner": "Gassner, Heidrun", "value": "4: unacceptable" } ], "name": [ { "type": "catalogue name", "value": "virginal", "primary": true }, { "@reference": { "@link": { "role": [ { "value": "object name" } ], "attribution": { "date": [ { "earliest": 2019, "value": "2019-03-09", "latest": 2019, "primary": true } ], "attributor": "Whitson Cloud, Jonathan" }, "type": "reference", "variation": 144945 }, "summary_title": "virginals", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-term-1019755", "id": "term-1019755", "uuid": "1691e088-5139-3666-a948-4f4aebb9c57a" } }, "type": "object name" }, { "type": "object name (AAT)", "value": "virginal" } ], "facilities": [ { "@link": { "date": { "earliest": 2017, "value": "2017-02-06", "latest": 2017 }, "current": "Y", "purpose": "Regular storage", "moved": { "by": "Holloway, Adrian" }, "location": "HMG - North Greenwich", "level1": "Study Collections Centre", "type": "reference", "level3": "bay03", "level2": "1\/1" }, "summary_title": "bay03", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-facility-1022", "id": "facility-1022", "uuid": "9c3cf1c5-f8aa-3462-8333-d9fdff662a79" }, "primary": true }, { "note": [ { "value": "Location automatically updated from SCC; 1\/1; 000003; ; ; as part of rationalisation of SCC locations, Rupert Shepherd, 2012-06-30." } ], "@link": { "date": { "earliest": 2004, "value": "2004-12-10", "latest": 2004 }, "current": "N", "role": [ { "value": "historical" } ], "last": { "level4": "000002", "location": "Horniman Museum. Study Collections Centre", "level1": "SCC", "level3": "000003", "level2": "1\/1" }, "purpose": "regular storage", "moved": { "by": "Walker, Kirsten" }, "location": "HMG - North Greenwich", "level1": "Study Collections Centre", "type": "reference", "level3": "bay03", "level2": "1\/1" }, "summary_title": "bay03", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-facility-878", "id": "facility-878", "uuid": "935cd8b2-f027-3cb5-8f01-982ecfcc03c7" } }, { "@link": { "date": { "earliest": 1997, "value": "1997-04-22", "latest": 1997 }, "current": "N", "role": [ { "value": "historical" } ], "location": "HMG - North Greenwich", "level1": "Study Collections Centre", "type": "reference", "level2": "\/" }, "summary_title": "HMG - North Greenwich", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-facility-550", "id": "facility-550", "uuid": "a6a2a6a8-0897-383a-b876-7caa8bdc0fea" } } ], "publications": [ { "@link": { "illustration": "N", "type": "reference" }, "summary_title": "The Dolmetsch collection of musical instruments", "admin": { "uid": "hmc-publication-90", "id": "publication-90", "uuid": "0fb502df-7d69-3c11-9776-5a02fdb77b20" } } ] }