{
    "summary": {
        "title": "Grand Piano"
    },
    "identifier": [
        {
            "accession_number": "M99-1983",
            "type": "accession number",
            "value": "M99-1983",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "type": "Horniman Laboratory Number",
            "value": "16137"
        }
    ],
    "note": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue note",
            "value": "Purchased from the previous owner, Mr D Nesbitt of Woking, with assistance from the Purchase Grant Fund (administered by the V&A). the PGF provided \u00a31000, half the purchase price.\nA report on the condition of the piano by Christopher Nobbs, dated 16 Jan 2019, can be found in the blue history binder and an electronic copy in the Individual Instrument files MW.\nA reference to the piano and a photograph appeared in the online magazine, World Piano News, following the press day at Kensington Palace. https:\/\/www.worldpianonews.com\/historical\/anniversary\/queen-victoria-anniversary-200\/ The article was written by David Crombie."
        }
    ],
    "loan": {
        "value": "Y"
    },
    "description": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue description",
            "value": "Grand piano. \"Straight-strung. Under-dampers. Early double repetition action. Framing consists of cast hitch plate connected to open wrestplank by four parallel iron struts. Oblong tuning pins. All parts appear original and in remarkably good condition. No reconditioning seems to have been done.\" [These remarks are drawn from a report in the history files written by David J. Smith of Cranleigh GU6 8JJ, 3 August 1983.]\n\nDouble escapement action with roller. The previous date of manufacture of 1843 is an error arising from reference to the Paris serial numbers rather than those used in London. Compass, 7 octaves, 85 notes, AAA-a4. Composite metal frame with individual agraffe studs and a capo tasto or one-piece agraffe for the top 22 notes. Underdampers. Notes 64-85, undamped. Legs numbered 1, 2, 3. LHS front=1, RHS front=2. String gauge numbers stamped on wrestplank from 20 (bass) to 13 (treble) including '13+'. Wound strings have no gauge numbers. MW photos in Individual Instrument File on T: drive.",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2019,
                    "value": "2019-01-16",
                    "latest": 2019,
                    "primary": true
                }
            ],
            "attribution": {
                "attributor": "Nobbs, Christopher"
            },
            "type": "description (online)",
            "value": "Erard Grand Piano in rosewood with inner rim veneered in fiddle-back maple. Three turned and octagonal tapered legs with castors. Compass AAA to a4 (7 octaves). Erard's repetition action (mecanisme a double echappement) with under-dampers to b2. Individual hammer flanges of brass with screw adjustment. Two pedals, left: shift (due corde); right: sustain.Composite iron frame with four iron bars between iron hitch-plate and wrestplank. Bass bridge has strings for notes AAA to F#. Single covered strings AAA to FF; bichord covered strings FF# to C#; plain trichords D to a4. Agraffes from AAA to f; capo tasto from f# to a4. Gauge numbers for plain strings marked at proximal side of wrestpins: F 20; c 19; f 18; a 17; d1 16; b1 15; g2 14; e3 13+; e4 13."
        },
        {
            "attribution": {
                "date": [
                    {
                        "earliest": 2019,
                        "value": "2019-06-06",
                        "latest": 2019,
                        "primary": true
                    }
                ],
                "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi"
            },
            "type": "commentary (online)",
            "value": "The Erard firm of piano and harp makers and music publishers was founded in Paris by Sebastien Erard (1752-1831) in the late 18th century. A single harpsichord by him survives dated 1779, but it included several features which presaged the mechanical inventiveness and innovation for which the firm later became famous.\n\nIn 1821, Erard patented a new action for pianos called 'the double escapement' which, by the introduction of an intermediate lever between the key and hammer (a system which appears in a different form in the sophisticated action of the piano's inventor, Bartolomeo Cristofori) significantly improved dynamic control and repetition. This innovation earned Erard pianos the devotion of many well-known players, including Franz Liszt and Felix Mendelssohn. Although Frederick Chopin preferred the pianos of Erard's Parisian rival, Pleyel, he nevertheless acknowledged the beauty of the Erards and admired their consistency in touch and sound. The Erard firm was among the first to introduce metal bracing into the piano to help improve both structural and tuning stability.\n\nAt the end of the 18th century, partly as a consequence of the French Revolution, but also due to a growing market across the Channel, Erard established a factory in London's Great Marlborough Street . The British Royal Family patronised the firm and Queen Victoria used an Erard piano during her childhood and as a young adult."
        },
        {
            "historical": true,
            "type": "description",
            "value": "Grand piano."
        }
    ],
    "language": [
        "eng"
    ],
    "collection": "Musical Instruments",
    "type": {
        "sub_type": [
            "general"
        ],
        "scope": "WHOLE",
        "base": "object"
    },
    "condition": [
        {
            "date": {
                "earliest": 2019,
                "value": "2019-05-02",
                "latest": 2019
            },
            "value": "1: good"
        }
    ],
    "@admin": {
        "processed": 1740074490301,
        "sequence": 7671462,
        "uid": "hmc-object-17392",
        "added": 1664636524883,
        "stream": "collections-online",
        "id": "object-17392",
        "source": "hmc",
        "uuid": "1bfb6011-9a73-3889-9072-1d448759a728"
    },
    "movable": "Y",
    "valuation": [
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2019,
                    "value": "2019-03",
                    "latest": 2003
                }
            ],
            "@admin": {
                "creator": "JTURK",
                "created": "2020-02-24 12:59:38.0",
                "modifier": "SLISTER",
                "modified": "2022-05-16 16:17:32.0"
            },
            "purpose": "insurance\/indemnity",
            "by": "Waitzman, Mimi",
            "currency": "GBP",
            "value": "20000"
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2022,
                    "value": "2022-02-11",
                    "latest": 2022
                }
            ],
            "@admin": {
                "creator": "NLOGAN",
                "created": "2022-03-10 16:53:00.0",
                "modifier": "NLOGAN",
                "modified": "2025-02-20 12:53:19.0"
            },
            "last": "20000",
            "purpose": "insurance\/indemnity",
            "by": "Waitzman, Mimi",
            "currency": "GBP",
            "value": "20000"
        },
        {
            "date": [
                {
                    "earliest": 2024,
                    "value": "2024-10-04",
                    "latest": 2024
                }
            ],
            "@admin": {
                "creator": "NLOGAN",
                "created": "2025-02-20 12:53:15.0",
                "modifier": "NLOGAN",
                "modified": "2025-02-20 12:54:03.0"
            },
            "last": "20000",
            "purpose": "insurance\/indemnity",
            "by": "Waitzman, Mimi",
            "historical": true,
            "currency": "GBP",
            "value": "20000"
        }
    ],
    "ownership": [
        {
            "@entity": "lifecycle"
        }
    ],
    "name": [
        {
            "type": "catalogue name",
            "value": "Grand Piano",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "type": "object name (unclassified)"
        },
        {
            "type": "common name"
        },
        {
            "type": "object name (unclassified)",
            "value": "Grand Piano"
        },
        {
            "type": "common name",
            "value": "Erard Grand Piano"
        }
    ],
    "options": {
        "option5": "Chordophone",
        "flag4": "N",
        "flag3": "N",
        "system_count": "0",
        "flag2": "N",
        "flag1": "N"
    },
    "appraisal": [
        {
            "source": "catalogue",
            "@entity": "lifecycle"
        }
    ],
    "inscription": [
        {
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "description": [
                {
                    "value": "stamped in many different locations"
                }
            ],
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "17411"
                }
            ],
            "location": "case, propstick, legs, music desk, action",
            "type": "production number"
        },
        {
            "note": [
                {
                    "value": "Not the well-known collector."
                }
            ],
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "description": [
                {
                    "value": "maker of the action"
                }
            ],
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "GALPIN"
                }
            ],
            "location": "treble end of (interior) keyframe",
            "type": "maker's name"
        },
        {
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "description": [
                {
                    "value": "maker of the action"
                }
            ],
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "PORCHER"
                }
            ],
            "location": "bassmost key, tail of the wippen",
            "type": "inscription; maker's name"
        },
        {
            "note": [
                {
                    "value": "A known workman in Erard's London workshop during the period of this instrument's manufacture."
                }
            ],
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "C. MARTIN"
                }
            ],
            "location": "cheek liner",
            "type": "inscription; maker's name"
        },
        {
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "description": [
                {
                    "value": "date of manufacture"
                }
            ],
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "K1880"
                }
            ],
            "location": "wippen of the bassmost key",
            "type": "inscription"
        },
        {
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "W.H.S."
                }
            ],
            "location": "on the a4 key lever",
            "type": "inscription"
        },
        {
            "method": "stamping (impressing)",
            "details": [
                {
                    "transcription": "F."
                }
            ],
            "location": "stamped into the wood of hammer AAA",
            "type": "inscription"
        }
    ],
    "category": [
        {
            "type": "category1",
            "value": "Musical Instruments"
        }
    ],
    "facility": [
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "Historic Royal Palaces - Kensington Palace"
            },
            "@link": {
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2019,
                    "value": "2019-05-01",
                    "latest": 2019
                },
                "duration": "1",
                "current": "Y",
                "last": {
                    "location": "external",
                    "level1": "London",
                    "level3": "Kensington Palace",
                    "level2": "Historic Royal Palaces"
                },
                "purpose": "Loan out",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Logan, Natasha"
                },
                "location": "External",
                "level1": "United Kingdom",
                "level3": "Historic Royal Palaces - Kensington Palace",
                "level2": "England"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-15154",
                "id": "facility-15154",
                "uuid": "134a6d93-d2c1-305d-9e0e-673295ad63e7"
            },
            "@entity": "reference",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "shC"
            },
            "@link": {
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 1998,
                    "value": "1998-11-19",
                    "latest": 1998
                },
                "duration": "2689",
                "level4": "shC",
                "current": "N",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Owen, Elizabeth"
                },
                "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                "level3": "bay19",
                "level2": "1\/0"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-867",
                "id": "facility-867",
                "uuid": "5da50447-79cc-3679-8971-19220b294274"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        },
        {
            "summary": {
                "title": "HMG - North Greenwich"
            },
            "note": [
                {
                    "value": "Location automatically updated from SCC; 1\/0; 000019; 000020; 00000C;  as part of rationalisation of SCC locations, Rupert Shepherd,  2012-06-30."
                }
            ],
            "@link": {
                "date": {
                    "earliest": 2006,
                    "value": "2006-03-30",
                    "latest": 2006
                },
                "level5": "bays 019 to 020",
                "level4": "shC",
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "historical"
                    }
                ],
                "last": {
                    "level5": "00000C",
                    "location": "Horniman Museum. Study Collections Centre",
                    "level1": "SCC",
                    "level3": "000019",
                    "level2": "1\/0"
                },
                "purpose": "regular storage",
                "moved": {
                    "by": "Bergmans, Naomi"
                },
                "duration": "4781",
                "current": "N",
                "location": "HMG - North Greenwich",
                "level1": "Study Collections Centre",
                "level3": "bay19",
                "level2": "1\/0"
            },
            "@admin": {
                "uid": "hmc-facility-550",
                "id": "facility-550",
                "uuid": "a6a2a6a8-0897-383a-b876-7caa8bdc0fea"
            },
            "@entity": "reference"
        }
    ],
    "creation": {
        "date": [
            {
                "note": [
                    {
                        "value": "the date could reflect when the action was made. The instrument fully constructed could date from somewhat later."
                    }
                ],
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "date made"
                    }
                ],
                "attribution": {
                    "date": [
                        {
                            "earliest": 2019,
                            "value": "2019-01-07",
                            "latest": 2019,
                            "primary": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "attributor": "Waitzman, Mimi"
                },
                "earliest": 1880,
                "value": "1880",
                "latest": 1880
            },
            {
                "note": [
                    {
                        "value": "Error based on reference to Erard Paris serial numbers rather than those used in the London workshop."
                    }
                ],
                "role": [
                    {
                        "value": "date made"
                    }
                ],
                "historical": true,
                "earliest": 1843,
                "value": "1843",
                "latest": 1843
            },
            {
                "source": "catalogue",
                "earliest": 1880,
                "value": "1880",
                "latest": 1880
            }
        ],
        "maker": [
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "Erard"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "source": "catalogue"
                },
                "name": [
                    {
                        "value": "Erard"
                    }
                ],
                "@entity": "literal"
            },
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "Erard"
                },
                "@admin": {
                    "uid": "hmc-agent-3082",
                    "id": "agent-3082",
                    "uuid": "22338e11-ac8f-3658-82f9-172655ea62da"
                },
                "@entity": "reference"
            }
        ],
        "place": [
            {
                "summary": {
                    "title": "London, England, UK; Europe"
                },
                "@link": {
                    "source": "catalogue"
                },
                "name": [
                    {
                        "value": "London, England, UK; Europe"
                    }
                ],
                "@entity": "literal"
            }
        ]
    },
    "measurements": {
        "display": "overall: 960 mm x 1365 mm x 2110 mm",
        "attribution": {
            "type": "display"
        },
        "dimensions": [
            {
                "type": "catalogue dimensions",
                "value": "overall: 960 mm x 1365 mm x 2110 mm",
                "primary": true
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "depth",
                "value": "83 1\/16"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "depth",
                "value": "2110"
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "height",
                "value": "37 13\/16"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "height",
                "value": "960"
            },
            {
                "units": "in",
                "dimension": "width",
                "value": "53 3\/4"
            },
            {
                "units": "mm",
                "dimension": "width",
                "value": "1365"
            }
        ]
    }
}